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Women in Sport: The importance of education around the impact of the menstrual cycle in sport

Catherine Culbert HCPC Registered Dietitian, Personal Trainer and Yoga Teacher specialising in sports nutrition and women’s health.

This Women’s Collective Ireland- Donegal, ‘Women’s Lives, Women’s Voices’ feature is written by Rhona Hannigan, Development Worker with the Women’s Collective in Donegal Town and Catherine Culbert HCPC Registered Dietitian who specialises in sports nutrition and women’s health. Highlighting the importance of education on the impact of the menstrual cycle and women in sport.


As many people know I love football and in particular women’s football. Women’s football has come on leaps and bounds but a huge disparity still remains between the men’s and women’s game especially in terms of wages, attendance at matches and funding available to improve structures within women’s football. We often hear the old argument that ” men’s games generate more revenue” and that is partly why men are paid more. However, if the same amount of time and effort had gone into women’s football in the past who knows where we would be today.

Girl’s football is the fastest-growing sport in the country. There are chances for girls to play that have never been available before. It’s only 15 years ago that Stephanie Roche was playing with her local boy’s team because there wasn’t any options for her. Now, there are options at every level from community to elite. The success of the Irish women’s football team in recent years has had a profound effect on the Irish public and especially on many young girls who want to emulate players like Katie McCabe and Denise O’Sullivan. Attendance at women’s football matches is breaking records. Women’s football in Ireland is on a journey with many positive steps implemented already. We have prominent companies like Sky who sponsor the women’s national team, who’s advertising can be seen nationwide, and Cadbury Ireland who have given tremendous support to the growth of women’s grassroots football and have recently launched their ‘The Game is On’ campaign that aims to drive more interest in local clubs, game attendance, volunteering and supporting the game in general.


Despite the fact that many girls and women love football, it’s still a sport that’s overwhelmingly dominated by men. Even with the increased popularity, women face barriers that prevent them from participating. Such barriers may include feeling self-conscious about body image, social stereotyping and harassment or doubts around skill level or perceived lack of skills “because you are a girl”. Football has a male-dominated sports culture and more often than not your role model will be a male footballer, for me there is only one Roy Keane, the only one person iv ever hero worshipped.

All levels of football coaching is male dominated and more female coaches is preferable to bridge the gap. However, thankfully, despite what sex the coaches are they devote crazy hours of their free time coaching so that we have girls football. That said, coaching girls is very different to boys. I’m involved with Derry City FC Women’s Academy, I’m the Child Welfare Officer and also on the coaching staff of the U17’s and U19’s. Derry has an amazing ethos of education off the pitch as well as on the pitch. Head of the academy, Jarleth Canning, thought it prudent that the teams should have a female on the coaching staff as all our coaches are males. As the Welfare Officer one of the areas I thought important to highlight was how women are affected by their mensural cycle when participating in sport. It was shocking speaking to some of the coaching staff, who had never considered the affect periods had on girls and their performance, so after research and recommendations I asked Catherine Culbert to present to the coaches and players on this topic; here is her story.


Some of the “Derry Girls” at the educational talk about menstruation and women in sport. The presentation was organised by Derry City FC Women’s Academy

The importance of education around the menstrual cycle and women in sport

“Menstrual cycles are a completely natural process for most girls and women, yet they are often the elephant in the room for female athletes. Menstrual cycles can be a huge barrier for girls and women continuing to play sport throughout their lifecycle or reaching their full potential in sport. In a recent survey by Youth Trust Sport periods and low confidence were the most common reasons girls gave for not wanting to take part in PE¹. Its important that girls and women feel supported to continue to play sport for as long as possible and to do this, we need to raise awareness and educate athletes, coaches and parents on menstrual cycles for women in sport. 

As a female athlete myself, I started my period when I was 12. At that time, I swam competitively for a local swimming club and often felt embarrassed and worried each time I got my period and had to juggle swimming training and competitions. At that time, most of my coaches growing up were men and so I never dreamt of mentioning it to them. Looking back, I wish I felt more supported that having a menstrual cycle was completely normal and perhaps as a young girl given education on how to manage menstrual health around sport and training. Even the provision of period products in the swimming changing rooms would have been an absolute game-changer to help normalise it and for emergencies. 

When it comes to menstrual cycles, there is no ‘normal’, as every woman and girls’ body is different. Not all athletes have a regular cycle, due to hormonal imbalances, contraceptives, pregnancy, or menopause, so there is no ‘one size fits all’ advice.


However, most women and girls at some stages are likely to suffer from menstrual cycle symptoms which can impact on their physical performance in sport. Examples include bloating, digestive issues, mood swings, increased hunger, cravings, acne, low confidence, reduced energy, endurance, and strength. Another thing to consider is that bloating, and water retention can significantly impact on body image, especially for young girls which might affect their confidence in sport around this time.

Raising awareness and speaking about menstrual cycles for girls and women in sport can support the management of symptoms as well as encouraging female athletes to seek help if menstrual cycles are a barrier to them playing sport.

The effect of menstrual cycle on sports performance is now being increasingly recognised. Studies show 50-86% of women reported sport-related menstrual problems or that menstruation has affected their participation in training and competition.


The benefits of increasing awareness and education around menstrual cycle and sport includes:

  • Girls and women supported to continue to play sport for longer
  • Female athletes supported to reach their full potential
  • Reduced risk of injury due to better understanding and management of symptoms
  • More women and girls participating in sport
  • More positive attitudes towards sport and exercise from girls and women
  • Less shame and embarrassment

What can clubs and sports teams do to support girls and women with their menstrual cycle

The first place to start is getting buy-in and commitment from coaches to raise awareness of how menstrual cycles can affect female athletes. This can be done by organising a session where all coaches and athletes attend. Nutrition plays a key role in supporting with symptom management around menstrual cycles so a nutrition session that focuses on food and nutrients to support symptoms can be helpful starting point for coaches and athletes.

Coaches also need to normalise menstrual cycles and periods by speaking about them regularly, encouraging athletes to track and understand how their cycle affects them personally. Teams and clubs can also provide period products in changing rooms and provide emergency products in a kit bag for matches/ competitions away to support athletes.

Providing a safe space for female athletes to speak to coaches about barriers such as periods can really support athletes in staying consistent with training ad matches. Not all athletes will want to discuss their period with coaches, especially younger girls but it’s still important to raise awareness and provide education on this area for all.”


WCI-Donegal are always looking for women to share their stories and looking for women to write features on topics of their choice which we will profile as part of our Women’s Lives, Women’s Voices’ series.

Writing for Wellbeing


This Women’s Collective Ireland-Donegal, ‘Women’s Lives, Women’s Voices’ feature is written by Siobhán Mc Laughlin. Siobhán is a poet and writer from Donegal, she has a MA in creative writing and is a creative writing facilitator who has been facilitating writing for wellbeing courses with women for WCI-Donegal this year. In this feature she reflects on the benefits of writing for wellbeing, talking about her own experience of writing and what she has discovered along the way


Writing for Wellbeing is a relatively new practice in the wellness field, but as anyone who writes knows, writing has always had therapeutic benefits. It’s just now they are being recognised.

If you’ve kept a diary at any stage in your life, you will be very familiar with this. A diary during those teenage angst years was a great way to vent all your turbulent feelings, from daily dramas to heartbreak crushes. Those pages of gushing would provide comfort and consolation, a listening ear, a way of uncorking all those bottled-up emotions. (And there was a reason why they used to come with a lock and key!)

Writing is a way to clarify thoughts, to unravel the jumble of them into clear concise visible ideas. Do you keep a to-do list? The power of such a simple thing to keep your head clear of worrying about things is very evident. When it’s written down, it’s out of your head and onto the paper. Like a magic spell, the words hold it there; it is no longer your mind’s job to do so. It can let go and relax.


To write something – to put your thoughts into words and onto paper – provides you with the space to listen to your own voice. Your real voice. Your inner voice. The one that is so often quieted, by other louder insistent voices in your life. To put pen to paper is to silence those other voices and like turning a radio dial, to tune into yourself again. Journalling is keeping a record of the story of your life, as told by you. And stories help make sense of things.

I’ve been writing since I was a child. Diary writing, story writing, letter writing, poems, blogs.  I loved the escapism of creative writing and later, the hyper-realism: how you can lose yourself in writing and simultaneously, find yourself there. Writing helps me work things out. It dissects emotions and feelings under the light of attention. It helps me unravel knots of thoughts and find out what I really am thinking/feeling. I would be lost without it.


I kept a diary/journal into my twenties and into it poured all my worries and wonderings, rantings and musings.  It was a catalogue of growing up, a space for reflection, and with reflection comes self-knowledge. It was where I examined with each word and sentence what exactly was going on in my life and what my responses to it were. It was a way to commune with my true self. When writing about things, I felt like I was making them ‘right.’ Telling myself the story of my life was a way to appreciate it as such and to look at it from a more knowledgeable perspective. Looking back on that time I can really say it was an invaluable practice.

Writing is a great way to express feelings. To get them ‘off your chest’ and out onto the page. There’s a great word for this from Greek called ‘catharsis’ – the act of releasing pent-up or repressed emotions. When you write about these feelings, they leave you. They are expressed. This is essential to our wellbeing. Therapists recommend it all the time. To write about how you are feeling acknowledges the feeling and puts you at a distance from it. In writing about it, you can translate and transform it, until you gain a sense of peace and move on from it.


Poetry is an excellent way of doing this.  Poetry allows us to decode emotions, explaining them to ourselves through its tools of symbolism, metaphor, imagery.  If I can contain an emotion within a poem, then it is stored somewhere else other than my psyche. The power of poetry to translate emotions is incomparable, I think. It is: ‘when an emotion has found its thought, and the thought has found words’ (to quote Robert Frost). I always think of emotions as these vaporous, glowing entities, hard to grasp as they slip and shimmy about us. But poetry helps solidify them, catch them with a net and shine a light on them. What is this thing and how am I experiencing it and what does it have to teach me? Writing a poem is a journey and always at the end of it, there is understanding to be found, which offers the greatest sense of wellbeing. It’s my go-to method of dealing with strong emotions.

Did you know that writing about positive experiences for as little as 15 minutes three times a week can significantly boost feelings of wellbeing and reduce stress and anxiety? You can write a daily diary entry, or a journal topic or perhaps some little scribbled notes of a poem or an idea for a story. Or gratitude journalling – just jotting down three things you are grateful for at the end of every day. Within a year you will have hundreds of little footnotes of joy. Things we may forget completely if they are not immortalised in words. Writing gives power to things. You are creating a world for yourself with words. A better world that will improve your mindset.


Writing is also an exercise in mindfulness. As I type this article I am lulled by the rhythmic tapping of keys and the timbre of thoughts. It is the same when you handwrite something, the pen carries you along in the moment. The blank page quietens the mind. It focuses you on the moment, on each word as it comes. Writing attunes us to the present moment and keeps our minds from wandering.

I really began to think about the wellbeing aspects of writing during Covid. During the lockdown I set up a Facebook group for friends and writers I knew to come together where we could share daily writing as a way of easing the stress of the time. Something quick and easy, like haiku. A haiku is a short three-line nature-based poem, rooted in paying attention to the present moment. From all over the world, members would post in their daily offerings of haiku, usually more than one in the day. We were suddenly, collectively, paying attention to moments of peace and beauty in our lives, despite the strange, unsettling time we were living in, and these little moments became so important to us. They were a comfort, a calm, a nucleus of loveliness. Three little lines of uplifting observation. The group is still going today. We haven’t been able to give it up! Just spending a few minutes in the day to scribble a couple of lines lifts the spirits so much and shifts mood. This is the power of writing.


In 2022-2023 I facilitated a weekly series of Writing for Wellbeing workshops at Foyle New Horizons: Action Mental Health in Derry. I got to meet so many wonderful people there who were so open to the benefits of writing in their wellness journey. I facilitate a lot of writing classes and workshops, but I find Writing for Wellbeing ones really inspiring. I welcome every chance to facilitate them and share the benefits of writing with people and have been lucky to do so in the past few years with groups like Insight Inishowen to promote positive mental health. People tend to open up and share their innermost thoughts and feelings with each other in these workshops which is truly inspiring. All of the creative arts are so beneficial for wellbeing, but writing in particular is quite a powerful one in bringing us face to face with a better understanding of ourselves and of the human condition.

It makes me sad to think that some people may have a resistance to writing because of things like grammar and a feeling that they would not be able for it. There is no right and wrong when it comes to writing. It is not a test. You write what you want to write. What calls your heart. In whatever form it may be. Don’t be put off by things like grammar and rules. Break the rules! Poetry doesn’t have to rhyme! Journal entries don’t have to be pages long! Don’t tell yourself you have nothing to write about. We all have our own stories. Don’t silence them. Writing, unlike some of the other creative arts, costs nothing in terms of material needs. All you need is a pen and paper. You do not need an easel to begin or a set of fancy pens or a predisposed talent. Just begin with scribbles. See where they take you.


Writing will surprise you. That is a guarantee. Every time you put pen to paper, you are led on a journey. You will discover reservoirs of insight and wisdom you didn’t know you had; a lot of writing feels like you are taking ‘dictation’ – listening to some other source, and not writing it yourself. Any writer will tell you this is the best part of writing. Like free-falling. The part when we transcend our blocks and critical hang-ups and tune in to our authentic, wise, and inner selves. And it just flows.  

Julia Cameron, author of The Artist’s Way said that ‘writing is medicine.’ It makes us better. It cures us of our ailments. It is a companion to life’s changes. It is certainly all that. And a welcome addition to the world of wellbeing.


Siobhán’s poems have been published in numerous publications including The Honest Ulsterman, The Ekphrastic Review, Drawn to the Light Press, The Poetry Village and more. She featured on Donegal Daily’s We are the Poets Series 2020 and Eat the Storms, TER and Absolute Writers Podcasts. She volunteers with mental health charity Insight Inishowen.

She blogs at www.a-blog-of-ones-own.blogspot.com and www.a-poem-a-day-project.blogspot.com


WCI-Donegal are always looking for women to share their stories and looking for women to write features on topics of their choice which we will profile as part of our Women’s Lives, Women’s Voices’ series.

Sorcha’s Healthy Living

This feature is part of the NCCWN Donegal Women’s Network, ‘Women’s Lives, Women’s Voices’ series. Written by Sorcha Mc Elchar, a qualified Nutritionist, Healthy Lifestyle Blogger, columnist, Fitness instructor, and YouTuber from Donegal.


My nutrition story began early on and from a very young age. I had a keen interest in Nutrition and still have a project from Primary School where we had to write what we wanted to be in the future. Some of my classmates wrote they wanted to be a Hairdresser, a Guard, a Teacher etc but what did I write…. a Dietitian. Most 12-year-olds didn’t even know what a Dietitian was…but unfortunately, I did because I had met several growing up…. along with numerous Doctors, Consultants, and Nurses. Why was that? …I hear you say.

At the age of two I became very ill. It began with sore eyes so bad I couldn’t bare to go out in daylight (I also had very pale skin so you could be thinking Vampire here….) but along with chronic diarrhoea and a failure to thrive the Doctors just couldn’t figure out the cause. That was until at age four when I went into a full body cramp (very painful) and it was discovered my blood Calcium levels were extremely low and I was finally diagnosed with a rare Auto-immune Disease called APECED syndrome. Due to two faulty genes, my Immune system was attacking the hormone producing glands in my body. My failure to thrive was because my gut didn’t absorb enough nutrients from my food. The Dietitians tried everything to help me put on weight from shakes to a ‘green card’ allowing me to eat as much junk food as I could…but nothing worked. If I managed to put on a few kilos I would become ill and lose it all again. Life was running in a vicious circle. I had no quality of life. It was either school (if I was well enough) hospital or home. I had no energy for anything else. If I managed a full week of school, we celebrated.

Then at age 17 my Doctors decided I wasn’t going to live much longer if they couldn’t get enough nutrients into me so in a last ditch attempt to save me I was put on a specialised personal Intravenous Nutrition that bypassed my Gut entirely through a permanent central line in my chest at allow the nutrition to go straight into my bloodstream. Then a miracle happened…. within days we could see improvements. I had more energy, I slept better, I caught less infections, I wasn’t cold all the time. my hair, skin and nails were healthier looking. I also felt happier in myself and stronger.


This was my light bulb moment where I saw how important Nutrition was. I still had my condition…I still had loads of medication to take…. I wasn’t cured… but my quality of life improved one hundred-fold.
Thankfully growing up my parents instilled in me the importance of hard work and perseverance. I also had an amazing SNA at Secondary school Trisha Redmond (Finn Valley College) who helped push me out of my comfort zone more and I realised I could do a lot more than I thought I could if I just put my mind to it and now, I had the energy to do this!


I was able to start dance classes with Aislingi Academy in Stranorlar and there I found a new ‘happy place’ where I could get stronger and foster a love for performing. In time I started college at LYIT doing an honours degree in Food Science & Nutrition where I graduated with a first-class degree thanks to the amazing support from my PA’s Therese Fitzsimmons and Bernie Alcorn and all my lecturers who realised despite my illness I was willing to give them 110%. The Disability officer Rosin Mc Cormack in LYIT and everyone at the Curve including the College Nurse Hannah Glackin saw my abilities instead of my disabilities and encouraged me all the way.


When I graduated, we were in lockdown so even though I had ideas of where I could get a job, I had to stay isolated due to my immune deficiency. So Covid motivated me to set up sorchashealthyliving.com where I Blog scientifically sound Nutrition and Healthy Lifestyle advice. I also upload videos to my Facebook, Instagram, and YouTube channel and offer one-to-one Nutrition and Lifestyle consultations and packages which can be found on my webpage and Facebook page.
My goal is to help people realise how important good Nutrition is, because healthy eating doesn’t have to be complicated. Small steps can often make the biggest change….and most importantly….enjoy food!

Contact details for Sorcha: 

Visit her website at: sorchashealthyliving.com

Email: sorchashealthyliving@gmail.com

https://www.facebook.com/SorchasHealthyLiving/

https://www.instagram.com/sorchashealthyliving/

https://www.tiktok.com/@sorchas_healthy_living?


Sorcha’s Healthy Living YouTube Channel


NCCWN Donegal are always looking for women to share their stories and looking for women to write features on topics of their choice which we will profile as part of our Women’s Lives, Women’s Voices’ series.

Five tips for a plastic free July

This feature is part of the NCCWN Donegal Women’s Network, ‘Women’s Lives, Women’s Voices’ series. Written by Angela Mc Glanaghey the store manager of Simple Simons in Donegal Town, to raise awareness to the global movement and campaign ‘Plastic Free July’.


As the manager of a local health store business ‘Plastic Free July’ is important to us because every single day we see such needless waste. As a business we try and reduce this in any way we can; providing refill solutions to cut down on plastic, offering boxes instead of plastic bags to carry shopping, reusing old packaging to send out our online orders etc. If we don’t stop what we are doing our world is going to run out of space. We must act now to make things better for further generations.


Plastic Free July begins this month, but what is it all about? We all know by now how important it is to cut down on plastic but sometimes it’s hard to know where to begin. There are so many small changes we can make which WILL add up to make a difference, so here are my top 5 tips for a plastic free July. 

The main thing I recommend is first of all not to be too hard on yourself. When you first try to start it can be really daunting to try and cut all plastic out. Just realise that to make this planet a better place we don’t need 1000 people being plastic free all the time. We need as many people as possibly making small changes which are sustainable. I recommend trying two or three small swaps a week and building that over time.


Here are a few you can do

Reusable coffee cups. SO many of us are fond of our takeaway coffee. During the pandemic really it was all we had. So many nice things were taken away from us and sometimes getting out for a takeaway coffee was a lifeline. Making a swap to a reusable cup can make SUCH a difference. Remember, it’s not about ditching ALL plastic, that’s a really hard sacrifice to make. It’s more about reducing single use plastic. Even if you only get two takeaway coffees a week if you’ve got your own cup that’s over 100 cups you have saved from landfill. And many of us drink way more than that in a week!


Bring your own bag! How many of us have a drawer sitting at home full of plastic bags? By simply popping one or two into the boot of your car or into your handbag you can reduce the amount you buy from now on. Investing a few euro into a “bag for life” means you will have a strong and sturdy one you can use for years to come. 


Menstrual cups. The amount of waste a single woman produces in her lifetime simply by having a menstrual cycle is shocking. Menstrual cups are a fantastic solution. Each one lasts for around 10-15 years. No need for tampons or pads then. Most menstrual cups are silicone based, and while they may take a cycle or two to get used to they are fantastic. Much more hygienic, clean and plastic free. This is probably my personal favourite of the swaps as I think they are a real game changer!


Refills. In Simple Simons we offer refills on dried foods, body care, household cleaners, natural yoghurt, milk, olive oil and apple cider vinegar. Simply bring in your own container and we will refill it for you. We aren’t the only shop doing refills so ask around. This means the plastic bottle or tub you normally use once and then throw away can be reused hundreds of times, saving so much unwanted single use packaging.


Beeswax wraps. In most Irish households clingfilm is a staple for wrapping sandwiches, leftovers etc. By swapping to a beeswax wrap you are choosing a much more sustainable option. The wraps are made with cloth and coated in beeswax. You can wrap food with them or use to cover food in a bowl. They can be wiped clean with a hot wet cloth and each wrap will work for up to a year. After that you can re-wax them and use again. 


Contact details for Simple Simons: 

Visit there website at: www.simplesimons.ie 

Email them on: hello@simplesimons.ie 

They can also be found on facebook: here


Plastic Free July is a global movement that helps millions of people be part of the solution to plastic pollution – so we can have cleaner streets, oceans, and beautiful communities. Will you be part of Plastic Free July by choosing to refuse single-use plastics? To find out more about this global movement check out the Plastic Free July the website


NCCWN Donegal are always looking for women to share their stories and looking for women to write features on topics of their choice which we will profile as part of our Women’s Lives, Women’s Voices’ series.